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Amazon Seller Resource

The Complete Amazon
Glossary and Acronym Guide

Over 568 Amazon and ecommerce terms, acronyms, and definitions covering advertising, fulfillment, logistics, Vendor Central, account health, catalog management, and advanced analytics. The most comprehensive reference built for sellers and agencies.

568
Terms Defined
9
Categories
27
Letters Covered
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568 terms
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3P
Third-Party Seller
An independent merchant who lists products on the marketplace using Seller Central, rather than selling wholesale.
3PL
Third-Party Logistics
An outsourced company providing warehousing, prep, and fulfillment services to sellers who want to avoid handling physical inventory.
Shipping
A
A+
A+ Content
A feature allowing brand owners to add rich text and images to product detail pages, increasing conversion rates.
Catalog
A2Z
A-to-z Guarantee
A policy protecting buyers from defective items or late deliveries when purchasing from third-party merchants.
A9
Amazon Search Engine Algorithm
The internal system that decides product ranking for shopper search queries based on relevance and performance history.
Catalog
AA
Amazon Advertising
The platform where sellers and vendors buy ad placements, including Sponsored Products and Sponsored Brands.
Ads
AB Testing
Split Testing
Comparing two versions of a detail page or advertising campaign to see which one performs better.
Catalog
ACoS
Advertising Cost of Sale
A key metric showing ad spend divided by ad revenue. A lower percentage indicates higher profitability for campaigns.
Ads
ACOS Limit
Max Target ACoS
The highest acceptable percentage of advertising cost of sale before a campaign is deemed unprofitable.
Ads
ACOS Target
Target ACoS
The predetermined goal for advertising cost of sale that an advertiser sets to guarantee campaigns remain profitable.
Ads
Action Plan
Plan of Action
The written document provided to seller performance to resolve an account suspension.
Actionable Insights
Data-Driven Decisions
Information derived from Brand Analytics or AMC that can be immediately used to improve sales performance.
Metrics
Active Listing
Buyable Listing
A product detail page that is currently live, in stock, and available for shoppers to purchase.
Catalog
Ad Group
Advertising Group
A sub-level within an advertising campaign that contains a specific set of keywords, products, and bids.
Ads
Ad Group Default
Default Ad Group Bid
The standard CPC bid applied to any keyword within a specific group that lacks a custom bid.
Ads
Ad Impression
Advertising Impression
A single instance of an ad appearing on a shopper’s screen, regardless of whether it is clicked.
Ads
Ad Placements
Advertising Placements
The specific locations where ads can appear, such as Top of Search, Rest of Search, or Product Pages.
Ads
Ad Revenue
Attributed Advertising Revenue
The total sales generated by shoppers who clicked on a sponsored ad within the designated attribution window.
Ads
Ad Spend
Total Advertising Spend
The total amount of money paid to the platform for clicks or impressions across all campaigns.
Ads
Adjustment
Inventory Adjustment
Changes made to FBA stock quantities by warehouse staff due to damage, loss, or finding misplaced items.
Fulfill
Adjustment Rate
FBA Adjustment Rate
The frequency at which the warehouse loses or damages a seller’s inventory, triggering a reimbursement.
Fulfill
Advance Payment
Vendor Advance Payment
Funds provided to a supplier before goods are delivered, often negotiated in Vendor Central contracts.
Finance
Advertising Console
Amazon Ads Console
The dedicated interface where sellers and vendors build, manage, and analyze their PPC campaigns.
Ads
Affiliate
Amazon Associates Program
A referral program allowing external websites and influencers to earn a commission by linking to marketplace products.
Ecom
Affiliate Link
Associates Link
A special URL used by influencers to direct traffic to the marketplace, earning them a small commission on sales.
Ecom
AGL
Amazon Global Logistics
A service that helps sellers ship inventory directly from manufacturers in China to US fulfillment centers.
Shipping
AHR
Account Health Rating
A color-coded score indicating compliance with selling policies, tracking order defect rates and policy violations.
Algorithm
Ranking Algorithm
The complex mathematical formula used to determine which products appear first for any given search query.
Catalog
Alibaba
Wholesale Sourcing Platform
The massive global B2B marketplace where private label sellers connect with manufacturers, primarily in China.
Ecom
Allowances
Vendor Allowances
Discounts or funding provided by a 1P supplier to the retail network to support marketing or offset damages.
Vendor
Alt Text
Alternative Text
Descriptive text added to A+ Content images that helps visually impaired users and contributes to search engine optimization.
Catalog
AMC
Amazon Marketing Cloud
A secure data clean room where advertisers can run SQL queries to evaluate cross-channel ad attribution.
Ads
AMZ
Amazon
Common shorthand for the marketplace itself.
Ecom
Analytics
Performance Analytics
The systematic computational analysis of sales and traffic data to find meaningful patterns.
Metrics
Anchor Text
Hyperlink Text
The visible, clickable text in a hyperlink. Rarely used in standard listings but common in external e-commerce marketing.
Ecom
Annual Fee
Professional Selling Plan Fee
The recurring subscription cost charged to merchants using the professional seller account tier.
API
Application Programming Interface
Software code allowing third-party tools to sync with seller accounts for inventory management or reporting.
Ecom
API Integration
Software Integration
Connecting third-party tools directly to seller data to automate inventory management and pricing.
Ecom
Appeal
Account Appeal
The formal process of requesting reinstatement after an account or listing has been suspended.
Appeal Button
Account Health Appeal
The specific option in the dashboard used to submit documents when disputing a policy violation.
AR
Augmented Reality
A feature letting shoppers virtually place 3D models of products in their homes before buying.
Catalog
ARA
Amazon Retail Analytics
A suite of reports providing vendors with sales, inventory, and traffic data.
Vendor
Arbitrage
Price Arbitrage
The practice of buying inventory at a lower price from one source and immediately selling it for a higher price on the marketplace.
Ecom
Archived Order
Hidden Order
A past purchase that a buyer has chosen to hide from their main order history list.
Ecom
Arrival Date
Expected Delivery Date
The specific day a shopper is promised to receive their order.
Shipping
ASIN
Amazon Standard Identification Number
A unique ten-character alphanumeric identifier assigned to every product in the catalog.
Catalog
ASP
Average Selling Price
Total revenue divided by units sold. A key input for calculating profit margins.
Metrics
Asset Library
Creative Asset Library
The repository within the advertising console where brands store logos, custom images, and videos for ad campaigns.
Ads
ATC
Add to Cart
When a shopper places an item in their basket, a key indicator of intent before final purchase.
Metrics
Attribution
Amazon Attribution
A measurement solution giving brands insight into how non-Amazon marketing channels drive sales on the marketplace.
Ads
Attribution Window
Sales Attribution Window
The specific timeframe (usually 7 or 14 days) during which a sale is credited to an ad after a shopper clicks it.
Ads
Audience
Target Audience
A specific group of shoppers defined by demographics, interests, or past behavior, used for targeting in DSP.
Ads
Audience Overlap
AMC Audience Overlap
An advanced report showing how many shoppers were exposed to multiple different ad campaigns before purchasing.
Ads
Audit
Account Audit
A comprehensive review of listings, advertising campaigns, and account health to find areas for improvement.
Auto Campaign
Automatic Targeting Campaign
An advertising campaign where the platform’s algorithm automatically decides which keywords and ASINs to target.
Ads
Average Bid
Average Cost Per Click
The mean amount paid for clicks across an entire campaign or ad group.
Ads
AVN
Annual Vendor Negotiation
The yearly process where 1P vendors negotiate trade terms, co-op funding, and pricing with retail buyers.
Vendor
AVS
Amazon Vendor Services
A paid support program assigning a dedicated brand specialist to help vendors scale their business.
Vendor
AWD
Amazon Warehousing & Distribution
A low-cost bulk storage solution that automatically replenishes FBA inventory.
Fulfill
AWD
Amazon Warehousing and Distribution
A service providing low-cost, long-term bulk storage upstream of the main fulfillment network.
Fulfill
AWS
Amazon Web Services
The cloud computing division that powers the marketplace backend and many third-party software tools.
Ecom
B
B2B
Business to Business
Transactions where businesses buy from other businesses, supported by the Amazon Business portal.
Ecom
B2B Pricing
Business Pricing
Special discounted prices offered exclusively to registered business buyers purchasing in bulk.
Catalog
B2B Sales
Business Sales
Revenue generated exclusively from registered corporate buyers.
Metrics
B2C
Business to Consumer
The traditional retail model of selling directly to individual shoppers.
Ecom
BA
Brand Analytics
A reporting suite providing registered brands with search query performance, market basket analysis, and demographic data.
Metrics
Backend
Seller Backend
The private interface where merchants configure listings, manage inventory, and view reports.
Backend Keyword Limit
250 Byte Limit
The strict maximum length for search terms entered into the listing backend.
Catalog
Backend Keywords
Hidden Search Terms
Words added to the listing backend that are indexed for search but remain invisible to shoppers.
Catalog
Badge
Listing Badge
Visual indicators like ‘Best Seller’, ‘Amazon’s Choice’, or ‘Prime’ that appear on products in search results.
Catalog
Bait
Click Bait
Using misleading titles or images to generate clicks, a practice strictly forbidden by platform policy.
Catalog
Bait and Switch
Listing Violation
An illegal tactic where a seller changes a detail page entirely after receiving good reviews, strictly against policy.
Bank Account
Deposit Method
The financial account where the platform transfers bi-weekly sales disbursements.
Finance
Barcode
Product Identifier
A scannable symbol such as a UPC or FNSKU code required for tracking inventory during fulfillment.
Catalog
Base Bid
Default Ad Bid
The initial cost-per-click amount set for a keyword before any placement multipliers or dynamic adjustments are applied.
Ads
Base Price
Standard Price
The regular selling price of an item before any coupons, discounts, or lightning deals are applied.
Catalog
BB
Buy Box
The featured offer section on a product detail page where the ‘Add to Cart’ button is located.
Catalog
Best Seller
Best Seller Badge
An orange icon awarded to the item with the highest sales volume in a specific category or sub-category.
Catalog
BGL
Brand Gating
A protection mechanism restricting unauthorized sellers from listing specific branded products.
Bid
Keyword Bid
The maximum amount an advertiser is willing to pay when a shopper clicks their ad.
Ads
Bid Optimization
Advertising Bid Management
The ongoing process of raising or lowering bids to achieve a specific target ACoS or improve ranking.
Ads
Bidding
Ad Bidding
The auction process where advertisers compete to display their ads for specific keywords.
Ads
Bidding Strategy
Campaign Bidding Method
Settings in advertising campaigns that dictate how much you pay per click, such as dynamic up and down or fixed bids.
Ads
Billing Cycle
Disbursement Cycle
The standard two-week period at the end of which the platform pays merchants their accumulated funds.
Finance
Bin Check
Warehouse Bin Check
A request made by a seller for fulfillment center staff to physically locate and verify inventory quantities or conditions.
Fulfill
BL
Bill of Lading
A legal document issued by a carrier detailing the type, quantity, and destination of shipped goods.
Shipping
Black Friday
Q4 Sales Event
The massive shopping day following Thanksgiving, marking the peak of the holiday retail season.
Ecom
Black Hat
Black Hat Tactics
Prohibited strategies used to manipulate ranking or reviews, which inevitably lead to permanent account suspension.
Blanket PO
Blanket Purchase Order
A long-term agreement where a vendor commits to supplying large quantities of items over an extended period at a fixed price.
Vendor
Bleeding
Cash Bleeding
A scenario where advertising spend significantly exceeds generated profit, draining capital rapidly.
Finance
Blocked
Blocked Listing
When a product is removed from the catalog due to safety complaints or intellectual property disputes.
Blocked Listing
Blocked ASIN
A product detail page that has been temporarily disabled by the compliance team due to policy violations or safety concerns.
BMVM
Books, Music, Video, and DVD
A legacy category grouping for media products, often subject to distinct fee structures.
Catalog
BOGO
Buy One Get One
A promotional discount strategy used to move excess inventory and increase average order value.
Ecom
BOGO
Buy One Get One Free
A promotional discount built to increase volume by offering a free or discounted item with a purchase.
Catalog
Bookkeeping
Accounting
The process of tracking sales, fees, and expenses. Accurate financial records are essential for determining true net margin.
Finance
Bot
Automated Algorithm Bot
Internal software scripts that scan listings for prohibited words, pricing errors, or policy violations automatically.
Bounce Rate
Page Bounce Rate
The percentage of shoppers who view a product detail page but leave without clicking anything or adding to cart.
Metrics
BR
Brand Registry
A program giving brand owners increased control over their product listings and access to advanced marketing tools.
Catalog
Brand Analytics
Amazon Brand Analytics
A powerful reporting tool available to registered brand owners that provides insights into search terms, demographics, and repeat purchases.
Metrics
Brand Awareness
Top of Funnel Marketing
Advertising efforts built to introduce a brand to new shoppers rather than immediately generating a sale.
Ads
Brand Defense
Defensive Advertising
The strategy of bidding on your own brand name or ASINs to prevent competitors from stealing your market share.
Ads
Brand Halo
Halo Effect Sales
When a shopper clicks an ad for one product but ends up buying a different product from the same brand.
Ads
Brand Registry
Amazon Brand Registry
The official program that gives trademarked brand owners advanced tools to protect their intellectual property and optimize listings.
Catalog
Brand Store
Amazon Storefront
A free, multi-page destination on the marketplace where brands can curate their entire product catalog and tell their story.
Catalog
Brand Store Builder
Storefront Builder
The intuitive drag-and-drop tool used to design a custom brand website on the marketplace.
Catalog
Brand Story
A+ Brand Story
A scrollable carousel section above standard A+ content used to highlight brand history and cross-sell products.
Catalog
Break-even
Break-even Point
The point where total revenue exactly equals total expenses, meaning the seller neither makes a profit nor takes a loss.
Finance
Break-even ACoS
Target Profitability ACoS
The specific advertising cost of sale percentage that equals your profit margin, serving as the limit for profitable ad spend.
Ads
Broad Match
Broad Keyword Match Type
An advertising match type that triggers ads for search queries containing all the keyword terms in any order.
Ads
Browse Node
Category Browse Node
A specific numerical ID representing a product category or subcategory within the marketplace hierarchy.
Catalog
BSR
Best Sellers Rank
An hourly updated metric showing a product’s sales volume relative to other items in the same category.
Metrics
Bubble Wrap
FBA Prep Material
Packaging material required for fragile items before they can be shipped into a fulfillment center.
Shipping
Budget
Campaign Budget
The maximum daily amount an advertiser is willing to spend on a specific PPC campaign.
Ads
Budget Cap
Portfolio Budget Cap
A hard limit set on a portfolio to guarantee all campaigns within it stop spending once a specific total amount is reached.
Ads
Bulk File
Bulk Upload File
A spreadsheet used to make massive edits to thousands of advertising bids or keywords simultaneously.
Ads
Bulk Operations
Advertising Bulk Sheets
A feature allowing advertisers to download, edit, and upload large spreadsheets to manage campaigns at scale.
Ads
Bullet Points
Key Product Features
The list of features directly below the title on a detail page, critical for highlighting benefits and indexing keywords.
Catalog
Bundle
Virtual Product Bundle
A feature allowing brand owners to offer two or more ASINs together on a single detail page without physically packaging them together.
Catalog
Bundle
Product Bundle
Selling multiple complementary products together as a single unit to increase average order value.
Catalog
Business Buyer
B2B Customer
A registered corporate customer who purchases items for their company, often expecting bulk discounts and tax exemptions.
Ecom
Business Price
B2B Pricing
A discounted price offered exclusively to verified business accounts.
Catalog
Buy Box
Featured Offer
The highly contested section on a detail page where shoppers click ‘Add to Cart’. Winning this placement is essential for sales.
Catalog
Buy Box Percentage
Featured Offer Win Rate
A metric showing how often your specific offer was featured when a customer viewed the detail page.
Metrics
Buyer
Amazon Shopper
The end consumer who purchases goods on the marketplace.
Ecom
Buyer-Seller Messaging
Customer Communication Portal
The internal system used to communicate with shoppers, heavily monitored by the platform for policy compliance.
C
CAC
Customer Acquisition Cost
The total sales and marketing expense required to earn a new buyer. Essential for measuring long-term profitability.
Metrics
CAGR
Compound Annual Growth Rate
The smoothed annualized rate of revenue growth over a specified period longer than one year.
Metrics
Canceled
Order Canceled
The status of a transaction that was voided before the item was shipped.
Metrics
Canceled Order
Order Cancellation
A purchase that is voided by the shopper or the seller before it ships.
Ecom
Canonical URL
Canonical Product Link
The primary web address for a product detail page, which includes specific keywords helping with external search engine ranking.
Catalog
Capacity
FBA Capacity Limits
The storage volume allocated to a seller based on their past sales performance and inventory health.
Fulfill
Capacity Limits
FBA Storage Capacity Limits
The maximum volume of inventory a seller is allowed to store in fulfillment centers, determined by past performance.
Fulfill
Capital
Working Capital
The cash available to fund day-to-day operations, including purchasing new inventory and funding advertising campaigns.
Finance
Carrier
Shipping Carrier
The company responsible for transporting goods, such as UPS, FedEx, or USPS.
Shipping
Cart
Shopping Cart
The virtual basket where shoppers hold items before proceeding to checkout.
Ecom
Cart Abandonment
Abandoned Cart
When a shopper adds an item to their basket but leaves the website without completing the purchase.
Metrics
Case
Support Case
A formal support ticket opened with Seller Support to resolve issues related to listings, inventory, or fees.
Case Pack
Case-Packed Products
A shipping configuration where all units in a box contain identical items with matching SKUs and conditions.
Fulfill
Cash
Working Capital
The liquid funds needed to restock inventory and pay for advertising before the next disbursement arrives.
Finance
Cash Flow
Operational Cash Flow
The net amount of cash moving into and out of a business. Managing this is critical due to bi-weekly disbursement schedules.
Finance
Catalog
Product Catalog
The entire database of all products available for sale on the marketplace.
Catalog
Category
Product Category
The broad department under which a product is classified, such as ‘Home & Kitchen’ or ‘Electronics’.
Catalog
Category Rank
BSR Category Ranking
Where a product stands in sales volume compared to all other items in its primary department.
Metrics
Category Targeting
Product Category Ads
An advertising tactic where campaigns are aimed at entire browse nodes rather than specific keywords.
Ads
CB
Chargeback
A financial penalty levied against vendors for operational non-compliance such as late shipping or incorrect labeling.
Vendor
CCR
Counterfeit Complaint Rate
The frequency at which buyers report receiving inauthentic goods, closely monitored by the account health team.
CFA
Customer Fulfillment Attrition
A metric used internally by the retail network to track issues in the fulfillment pipeline.
Fulfill
Charge
Platform Fee
A general term for any fee deducted by the marketplace, such as referral commissions or FBA storage fees.
Finance
Checkout
Checkout Process
The final stage of the buying journey where a shopper inputs their payment and shipping information.
Ecom
Child ASIN
Variation Item
An individual variation, such as a specific size or color, grouped under a parent product family on a single detail page.
Catalog
Child ASINs
Variation Children
The individual buyable products grouped under a single parent listing.
Catalog
Child Listing
Variation Child
A specific option within a product family, like a medium-sized red shirt, with its own unique ASIN.
Catalog
Choke Point
Logistics Choke Point
A bottleneck in the supply chain that delays inventory from reaching fulfillment centers.
Shipping
Churn
Customer Churn
The rate at which buyers stop purchasing from your brand over a given time period.
Metrics
CL
Credit Limit
The maximum amount of credit a supplier or platform will extend to a business before requiring payment.
Finance
Claim
A-to-z Claim
A formal complaint filed by a buyer seeking a refund for an order that was not delivered or matched the description.
Clearance
Inventory Clearance
The process of liquidating slow-moving or obsolete stock at heavily discounted prices to recover capital.
Finance
Clearance Price
Liquidation Price
A heavily reduced selling price built to move dead stock out of the warehouse quickly.
Finance
Click
Ad Click
When a shopper interacts with an ad, directing them to the product detail page and incurring a charge for the advertiser.
Ads
Click Fraud
Invalid Ad Clicks
When competitors maliciously click your advertisements to drain your daily budget, though the algorithm usually filters these out.
Ads
Clicks
Total Clicks
The total number of times shoppers have tapped or clicked on an advertisement.
Metrics
Closed
Closed Listing
An inactive product page that a seller has intentionally shut down, usually because they will not restock it.
Catalog
Closeout
Closeout Sale
Selling the last remaining units of a discontinued product.
Ecom
CLV
Customer Lifetime Value
The total projected revenue a single buyer will generate over their entire relationship with your brand.
Metrics
CN
Credit Note
A document issued by a vendor indicating a return of funds, often resolving invoice discrepancies.
Finance
Co-mingled
Commingled Stock
When identical products from different merchants are stored together in the warehouse.
Fulfill
Co-mingling
Stickerless Commingled Inventory
A fulfillment setting where identical products from different sellers are mixed together in the warehouse based solely on the manufacturer barcode.
Fulfill
Co-op
Cooperative Advertising
Funds negotiated between vendors and retail buyers used to support marketing and merchandising efforts.
Vendor
COA
Certificate of Analysis
A document issued by quality assurance verifying that a regulated product, such as a supplement, meets specific specifications.
Code
Promo Code
An alphanumeric string that shoppers can enter at checkout to receive a specified discount on their purchase.
Ecom
COGS
Cost of Goods Sold
The direct expense of producing inventory, including materials, manufacturing, and direct labor.
Finance
COGS Formula
Cost of Goods Sold Calculation
The mathematical formula used to determine the exact cost to produce an item, excluding shipping and ads.
Finance
Comm
Referral Fee Commission
The percentage of the total sales price the platform takes as a fee for facilitating the transaction.
Finance
Commission
Referral Fee
The percentage cut the marketplace takes from every sale.
Finance
Comp
Comparable Product
A competitor’s item used as a benchmark for pricing and feature comparison.
Catalog
Competitor
Rival Seller
Another merchant offering identical or highly similar products targeting the same audience.
Ecom
Competitor Ads
Competitor Targeting
An advertising strategy specifically targeting rival ASINs to appear on their detail pages.
Ads
Competitor Analysis
Market Research
The process of analyzing rival brands to identify pricing strategies, keyword opportunities, and product gaps.
Ecom
Compliance
Policy Compliance
Adhering strictly to all rules and safety regulations dictated by the marketplace.
Concessions
Customer Concessions
Refunds or partial credits issued to shoppers by customer service to resolve complaints without requiring a return.
Condition
Item Condition
The state of the product being sold, categorized as New, Used – Like New, Used – Good, etc.
Catalog
Condition Note
Item Condition Note
A short text field used by sellers of used goods to describe any damage or missing parts.
Catalog
Consumables
Consumable Goods
Products that are used up and require recurring purchases, such as grocery items or personal care products.
Ecom
Contra-COGS
Contra Cost of Goods Sold
Funding agreements, rebates, and allowances that a 1P vendor pays back to the retail network, effectively lowering the cost of goods.
Vendor
Conversion
Sales Conversion
When a shopper visits a product page and completes a purchase.
Metrics
Conversion Rate
Unit Session Percentage
The percentage of page visitors who complete a purchase. A fundamental indicator of listing quality and pricing alignment.
Metrics
Copyright
Copyright Protection
Legal protection for original creative works, such as product photography or custom package designs.
Ecom
Cost
Unit Cost
The total expense required to manufacture or acquire a single product.
Finance
Costco
Wholesale Club Partner
A massive retail club often used as a source for retail arbitrage, though frequently leading to receipt verification issues.
Ecom
Counterfeit
Fake Goods
An imitation product sold under a recognized brand name without authorization, strictly prohibited and leading to permanent bans.
Coupon
Digital Coupon
A promotional tool showing a green badge on search results, allowing shoppers to click and save a fixed amount or percentage.
Catalog
Coupon Fee
Digital Coupon Fee
The small fixed charge the platform assesses every time a shopper redeems a digital discount.
Finance
COW
Consumer Order Workflow
The step-by-step path a shopper takes from discovery to adding to cart to finalizing checkout.
Metrics
CP
Contribution Profit
Revenue remaining after deducting variable costs. It shows how much money is available to cover fixed expenses.
Finance
CPC
Cost Per Click
The actual amount billed to an advertiser each time a shopper clicks their sponsored ad.
Ads
CPC Bid
Cost Per Click Bid
The precise dollar amount an advertiser enters into the campaign manager to win an ad auction.
Ads
CPM
Cost Per Thousand Impressions
A pricing model for display advertising where advertisers pay for every one thousand views of their ad.
Ads
CPO
Cost Per Order
The total advertising and marketing spend divided by the total number of orders acquired.
Metrics
CQ
Customer Queries
Questions asked by shoppers directly on the detail page, which sellers can answer publicly.
Catalog
CR
Conversion Rate
The ratio of total orders to total sessions. Higher numbers indicate a highly persuasive product detail page.
Metrics
CRAP
Cannot Realize A Profit
An internal designation used by the retail network to describe 1P items that are unprofitable to ship, often resulting in suppressed buy boxes.
Vendor
Creative
Ad Creative
The visual and textual elements of an advertisement, including the custom image, logo, and headline.
Ads
Credit
Seller Credit
Funds added to a merchant’s account balance, usually from an FBA reimbursement.
Finance
Cross-Border
Cross-Border Trade
Selling products internationally across different marketplaces, such as a US seller expanding into Europe or Japan.
Ecom
Cross-Border Tax
Import Tax
Fees levied when moving goods from a manufacturer in one country to a fulfillment center in another.
Finance
Cross-Selling
Complementary Product Sales
Recommending related items to a buyer, such as suggesting a phone case when they purchase a smartphone.
Ecom
CSBA
Customer Service by Amazon
A paid service where the platform handles customer inquiries and returns for merchant-fulfilled orders.
Fulfill
CSV
Comma Separated Values
The standard spreadsheet file format used for uploading bulk inventory changes or downloading advertising reports.
Catalog
CTR
Click-Through Rate
The percentage of ad viewers who click the ad. It measures the effectiveness of the main image and title.
Ads
Cube
Warehouse Cube
A measurement of volume used by fulfillment centers to determine storage space and calculate monthly fees.
Fulfill
Customs
Customs Clearance
The process of passing imported goods through government regulatory authorities, requiring payment of duties and taxes.
Shipping
Customs Broker
Import Broker
A licensed professional who clears imported shipments through government customs agencies.
Shipping
CVR
Conversion Rate
An alternative abbreviation for the percentage of visitors who buy the product.
Metrics
CX
Customer Experience
The overall perception a buyer has of a brand, influenced by product quality, shipping speed, and support.
Ecom
Cyber Monday
Q4 Sales Event
The massive online shopping day immediately following Black Friday.
Ecom
D
DA
Domain Authority
A search engine ranking score that predicts how well an external website will rank on results pages.
Ecom
Daily Budget
Campaign Daily Budget
The maximum amount of money allocated to be spent each day for a specific advertising campaign.
Ads
Daily Deals
Deal of the Day
A highly visible promotional placement featuring a single item or brand heavily discounted for 24 hours.
Catalog
Damage
Warehouse Damage
When an item is broken by fulfillment center staff, automatically entitling the seller to a reimbursement.
Fulfill
Damage Allowance
Defective Allowance
A negotiated percentage deducted from vendor payments to cover the cost of items damaged during shipping or returned by customers.
Vendor
Dangerous Goods
Hazmat Inventory
Products that contain flammable, pressurized, or corrosive materials, requiring special fulfillment handling.
Fulfill
Dashboard
Seller Dashboard
The primary home screen in the backend providing an overview of daily sales, open messages, and account health alerts.
Dashboard Alerts
Account Health Alerts
Notifications in the backend warning a seller of policy violations or suppressed listings.
Data
Performance Data
Raw facts and statistics gathered from sales history, traffic, and advertising reports.
Metrics
Data Clean Room
AMC Secure Environment
A privacy-safe space where advertisers analyze anonymized performance signals to understand attribution.
Ads
Data Feed
Inventory Feed
An automated data transfer used by large sellers to update pricing and stock levels in real-time.
Catalog
Dayparting
Time-of-Day Bidding
Adjusting advertising bids based on the time of day to optimize efficiency during peak shopping hours.
Ads
DDP
Delivered Duty Paid
A shipping agreement where the supplier handles all transportation, import duties, and customs clearance.
Shipping
Deal
Promotional Deal
A general term encompassing Lightning Deals, 7-Day Deals, and Prime Exclusive Discounts.
Catalog
Deduction
Vendor Deduction
An amount withheld from a 1P supplier’s invoice payment due to shortages, chargebacks, or co-op funding agreements.
Vendor
Default Bid
Standard Keyword Bid
The base bid applied to all targets within an ad group unless a specific keyword bid overrides it.
Ads
Defect
Product Defect
A flaw in the manufacturing process resulting in an item that does not function properly or match the description.
Fulfill
Defect Rate
Order Defect Rate
The percentage of orders resulting in negative feedback or chargebacks. Accounts risk suspension if this exceeds 1%.
Defective
Defective Return
A buyer return reason indicating the product was broken or failed to work as described.
Metrics
Delivery
Order Delivery
The successful transfer of a package from the carrier to the customer’s doorstep.
Shipping
Delivery Date
Estimated Delivery Date
The promised day a shopper will receive their order, which heavily influences conversion rates.
Shipping
Demand
Consumer Demand
The level of desire shoppers have to purchase a specific product, indicated by search volume and sales velocity.
Ecom
Demand Curve
Sales Demand
The relationship between the price of a product and the volume shoppers are willing to buy.
Metrics
Demographic Data
Shopper Demographics
Information regarding the age, income, and location of your buyers, accessible via Brand Analytics.
Metrics
Demographics
Audience Demographics
Statistical data relating to the population of buyers, such as age, gender, and income, available in Brand Analytics.
Metrics
Detail Page
Product Detail Page
The specific webpage where a product is displayed, featuring images, bullet points, reviews, and the buy box.
Catalog
Detail Page Views
Page Views
The total count of times a listing has been viewed by shoppers.
Metrics
DF
Direct Fulfillment
A program where vendors ship products directly to customers on behalf of the retail network, previously known as drop ship.
Vendor
Dim Weight
Dimensional Weight
A pricing technique for commercial freight transport that uses estimated weight calculated from the volume of the package.
Shipping
Direct Deposit
Bank Transfer
The electronic method used to send bi-weekly earnings to a seller’s bank account.
Finance
Disbursement
Seller Disbursement
The transfer of accumulated sales funds from the platform to the merchant’s bank account, typically occurring every 14 days.
Finance
Discount
Price Discount
A reduction in the standard selling price offered to shoppers to stimulate sales velocity.
Catalog
Discount Code
Promo Code
A string of text buyers enter at checkout to receive a percentage off their order.
Ecom
Display Ads
Display Advertising
Visual banner advertisements shown to shoppers on and off the marketplace based on their browsing behavior.
Ads
Disposal
Inventory Disposal
Paying the fulfillment center a small fee to destroy unsellable units.
Fulfill
Disposal Order
FBA Disposal Order
A request submitted by a seller to have the fulfillment center destroy unsellable or stranded inventory rather than shipping it back.
Fulfill
Distributor
Wholesale Distributor
A business that purchases products in massive quantities from manufacturers and resells them to retailers or 3P sellers.
Ecom
Drip Campaign
Email Marketing
A sequence of automated emails sent to buyers, though strictly regulated by the platform’s communication guidelines.
Ecom
Drop-off
Funnel Drop-off
The point in the purchasing journey where a shopper leaves the site without completing the transaction.
Metrics
Dropshipping
Third-Party Fulfillment Model
A retail fulfillment method where a store doesn’t keep products in stock but purchases from a third party who ships to the buyer.
Ecom
DSA
Digital Services Act
European regulations requiring platforms to verify seller identities and maintain transparent moderation policies.
DSP
Demand Side Platform
A software tool used to purchase programmatic display, video, and audio ads across the internet.
Ads
DTC
Direct to Consumer
Brands selling directly to end buyers, bypassing traditional retail middlemen and distributors.
Ecom
Duty
Import Duty
A tax levied by a government on products brought across international borders, significantly impacting landed cost.
Shipping
Dynamic Bids
Automated Bid Adjustments
An advertising setting that automatically raises or lowers bids based on the statistical likelihood of a conversion.
Ads
Dynamic Targeting
Auto-Targeting
An advertising setting where the algorithm continuously discovers new search terms to show your ads against.
Ads
E
E-commerce
Electronic Commerce
The buying and selling of goods and services over the internet.
Ecom
EAN
European Article Number
A 13-digit barcode system used primarily outside North America to identify retail products.
Catalog
Early Reviewer
Early Reviewer Program
A retired program that incentivized shoppers with small gift cards to leave reviews on new products, now replaced by Vine.
Ecom
Earnings
Seller Earnings
The net funds transferred to a merchant’s bank account after all platform fees and advertising costs are deducted.
Finance
EBC
Enhanced Brand Content
The former name for A+ Content, providing brand-registered sellers the ability to add rich media to listings.
Catalog
EBC Templates
A+ Content Templates
Pre-built layout modules available in the backend to help brands build visually appealing detail pages without coding.
Catalog
Ecom
E-commerce
The industry of buying and selling goods online.
Ecom
EDI
Electronic Data Interchange
The automated system used by vendors to exchange purchase orders, invoices, and shipping notices with retail systems.
Vendor
EFN
European Fulfillment Network
A program allowing sellers to store inventory in one European country and fulfill orders across multiple EU marketplaces.
Shipping
EGT
Expected Guarantee Time
The promised delivery window shown to buyers on the detail page, impacting conversion metrics.
Fulfill
EIN
Employer Identification Number
A unique nine-digit tax identification number assigned by the IRS to business entities in the United States.
Eligibility
Program Eligibility
The requirements a seller or listing must meet to participate in specific programs like Prime, Vine, or Lightning Deals.
End of Life
EOL Product
An item that is no longer being manufactured and will not be restocked once current inventory is depleted.
Catalog
Engagement
Shopper Engagement
The level of interaction a user has with a detail page, such as viewing secondary images, reading reviews, or watching videos.
Metrics
EPR
Extended Producer Responsibility
Environmental regulations making producers responsible for the entire lifecycle of their products, especially packaging disposal.
Exact Match
Exact Keyword Targeting
An advertising match type that triggers only when the shopper’s search query matches the keyword precisely, including plurals.
Ads
Exclusivity
Brand Exclusivity
An agreement where a manufacturer allows only one specific seller to list their products on the marketplace.
Ecom
Expense
Business Expense
Any cost incurred in the process of running the business, including software subscriptions, warehousing, and marketing.
Finance
External Traffic
Off-Amazon Traffic
Shoppers directed to a detail page from outside sources like Facebook ads, Google search, or influencer links.
Ecom
EXW
Ex Works
A shipping incoterm where the buyer assumes all shipping costs and risks once goods depart the factory floor.
Shipping

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F
Fake Review
Inauthentic Review
A product rating left by someone who did not genuinely purchase or test the item, or who was compensated to leave a positive rating.
FBA
Fulfillment by Amazon
A logistics service where merchants send products to fulfillment centers, and the platform handles storage, shipping, and customer service.
Fulfill
FBA Calculator
Revenue Calculator
A tool used to estimate the net profit of an item by subtracting fulfillment fees and commissions from the selling price.
Finance
FBA Fees
Fulfillment Fees
The specific charges applied per unit for picking, packing, and shipping items to buyers from fulfillment centers.
Fulfill
FBA Prep
Inventory Preparation
The strict process of poly-bagging, bubble-wrapping, and labeling items before sending them to fulfillment centers.
Shipping
FBM
Fulfillment by Merchant
A model where sellers handle their own storage, packing, and shipping directly to buyers.
Fulfill
FC
Fulfillment Center
The massive warehouses operated by the retail network where FBA inventory is received, stored, and shipped.
Fulfill
Feature
Product Feature
A specific attribute or capability of a product, typically highlighted in the bullet points.
Catalog
Feedback
Customer Feedback
Comments left by buyers regarding their experience with the seller’s shipping and service.
Filters
Search Filters
Options on the left side of the search results page allowing shoppers to narrow results by Prime eligibility, price, or review rating.
Catalog
First Click
First Click Attribution
A marketing model that gives 100% credit for a sale to the initial ad a buyer interacted with, often analyzed in AMC.
Ads
First-Party
1P Seller
A manufacturer who acts as a wholesale supplier, selling goods directly to the retail network via Vendor Central.
Vendor
Fixed Bids
Fixed Bidding Strategy
An advertising setting that prevents the algorithm from automatically adjusting your cost-per-click bid.
Ads
Flat File
Inventory Flat File
An Excel spreadsheet used to bulk upload, edit, or delete listings and variation families in the catalog.
Catalog
FNSKU
Fulfillment Network Stock Keeping Unit
A unique barcode generated by the platform used to track individual seller inventory within fulfillment centers.
Fulfill
FOB
Free on Board
An incoterm stating the supplier is responsible for goods until they are loaded onto the shipping vessel.
Shipping
Forecast
Inventory Forecast
A projection of future sales velocity used to determine how much stock needs to be ordered from suppliers.
Fulfill
Fractional
Fractional Keyword Bidding
Entering bids in specific, non-rounded amounts (e.g., $1.03 instead of $1.00) to outbid competitors using default round numbers.
Ads
Freight
Commercial Freight
Large shipments of goods transported by truck, train, or ship.
Shipping
Freight Forwarder
Logistics Partner
A company specializing in organizing shipments from manufacturers to the final market destination, handling customs and transport.
Shipping
FTL
Full Truckload
A freight shipping mode where a single shipment occupies an entire semi-trailer.
Shipping
Fulfillment
Order Fulfillment
The entire process of receiving an order, picking the item, packing it, and shipping it to the buyer.
Fulfill
Funnel
Sales Funnel
The theoretical journey a shopper takes from initial product discovery to final purchase.
Ecom
G
Gate
Brand Gating
A restriction mechanism that prevents unauthorized sellers from offering a specific brand or product category.
Gated Category
Restricted Category
A product department requiring sellers to submit invoices and gain explicit approval before listing items.
GDSN
Global Data Synchronization Network
A standardized network allowing vendors to publish product data securely to global retailers.
Vendor
Generic
Generic Product
An unbranded item lacking a trademarked logo or specialized packaging.
Catalog
GL
General Ledger
An internal product category classification code used by the retail system to organize the catalog.
Catalog
Global Selling
International Marketplace Selling
Expanding a business by listing products on international domains like .co.uk or .de.
Ecom
Gross Margin
Gross Profit Margin
Total revenue minus cost of goods sold, expressed as a percentage. It indicates main product profitability.
Finance
Gross Revenue
Total Revenue
The total amount of money generated from sales before any fees, refunds, or costs are subtracted.
Finance
GS1
Global Standards 1
The official non-profit organization that develops and maintains global standards for barcodes, including UPCs and EANs.
Catalog
GTIN
Global Trade Item Number
An internationally recognized identifier for products, encompassing UPCs, EANs, and ISBNs.
Catalog
GTIN Exemption
Barcode Exemption
Approval granted to sellers to list products that do not have standard manufacturer barcodes.
Catalog
H
Halo Effect
Ad Halo Effect
When an advertisement for one item indirectly boosts the organic ranking and sales of other items in the same brand catalog.
Ads
Hazmat
Hazardous Materials
Products requiring special handling due to safety risks, such as lithium batteries or aerosols.
Fulfill
Head Term
Short-Tail Keyword
A broad, highly competitive search term consisting of one or two words, driving massive traffic but often suffering lower conversion rates.
Ads
Headline
Ad Headline
The custom text written by an advertiser that appears in a Sponsored Brands banner ad.
Ads
Headline Search Ads
Sponsored Brands Legacy Name
The original name for banner ads that appear at the top of search results, now known as Sponsored Brands.
Ads
Hidden Words
Backend Search Terms
Keywords inputted into the listing backend that help the algorithm understand the product without being visible to shoppers.
Catalog
High-Ticket
High-Ticket Item
Products with a very high selling price, typically offering larger absolute profit margins but lower sales velocity.
Ecom
Hijacker
Listing Hijacker
An unauthorized seller who lists a counterfeit or different item on a private label product detail page.
Hourly Bidding
Dayparting
The practice of adjusting ad bids based on the time of day to optimize ad spend.
Ads
HSA
Headline Search Ads
The retired acronym for what is now known as Sponsored Brands.
Ads
I
Import
Importing Goods
Bringing manufactured products from a foreign country into the domestic market for sale.
Shipping
Impressions
Ad Impressions
The total number of times an advertisement is displayed on a screen, regardless of whether it receives a click.
Ads
In-Market Audience
High-Intent Shoppers
Shoppers who have shown recent purchase intent for a specific category, targetable via DSP and Sponsored Display.
Ads
Inbound
Inbound Shipment
Inventory that is actively in transit from a supplier or prep center to a fulfillment center.
Shipping
Incoterms
International Commercial Terms
Standardized trade terms used in international contracts to define the responsibilities of buyers and sellers regarding shipping and insurance.
Shipping
Index
Search Index
The database used by the search algorithm to instantly recall products based on the keywords contained in their listings.
Catalog
Individual Plan
Individual Seller Account
A basic seller account tier that does not charge a monthly subscription fee but imposes a per-item fee on every sale.
Infringement
IP Infringement
The unauthorized use of someone else’s trademark, patent, or copyrighted material on a product listing.
Insert
Package Insert
A printed card placed inside product packaging to request reviews or provide customer service contact information. Strictly regulated to prevent review manipulation.
Ecom
Inspection
Quality Inspection
The process of hiring a third party to examine goods at the factory before they are shipped to guarantee they meet quality standards.
Fulfill
Inventory
Product Stock
The total quantity of goods available for sale, encompassing FBA stock, in-transit units, and merchant-fulfilled items.
Fulfill
Inventory Age
FBA Inventory Age
A metric tracking how long items have been in fulfillment centers, subject to long-term storage fees after 365 days.
Fulfill
Inventory Planning
Stock Forecasting
The strategic process of calculating order quantities and reorder dates to prevent stockouts while minimizing storage fees.
Fulfill
Invoice
Supplier Invoice
A commercial document issued by a manufacturer detailing the quantity and cost of goods purchased. Essential for ungating categories.
IP Complaint
Intellectual Property Complaint
A formal notice filed by a rights owner regarding trademark, copyright, or patent infringement, which can cause account suspension.
IPI
Inventory Performance Index
A score measuring how efficiently a seller manages FBA stock, impacting restock limits and storage fees.
Fulfill
ISBN
International Standard Book Number
A unique numeric commercial book identifier assigned to publishers.
Catalog
Item Comparison
Brand Analytics Item Comparison
A report showing which alternative products shoppers viewed most frequently on the same day as your product.
Metrics
Item Setup
Listing Creation
The process of entering all required product data, including UPCs, dimensions, and bullet points, to create a new ASIN.
Catalog
J
Just in Time
JIT Inventory Management
An inventory strategy aligning raw-material orders directly with production schedules to reduce warehouse storage costs.
Fulfill
K
Keyword
Search Keyword
A single word or phrase shoppers type into the search bar, which advertisers target in PPC campaigns to generate impressions.
Ads
Keyword Indexing
Search Indexing
The process by which the A9 algorithm recognizes words in your title, bullets, and backend, allowing your product to appear in search results.
Catalog
Kitting
Product Kitting
The physical process of assembling multiple separate components into a single ready-to-ship product.
Shipping
KPI
Key Performance Indicator
A measurable value demonstrating how effectively a company is achieving essential business objectives.
Metrics

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L
Landed Cost
Total Unit Cost
The complete cost of a product shipped to the fulfillment center, including manufacturing, freight, insurance, and duties.
Finance
Last Click
Last Click Attribution
An advertising model where 100% of the sale credit goes to the final ad clicked before purchase.
Ads
Launch
Product Launch
The critical initial period when a new product is introduced, requiring aggressive advertising and promotions to establish ranking.
Ecom
LDR
Late Delivery Rate
The percentage of seller-fulfilled orders that are delivered after the promised delivery date.
Lead Time
Production and Shipping Time
The total duration required from placing a purchase order with a supplier to receiving the inventory at the fulfillment center.
Fulfill
Lifestyle Audience
DSP Lifestyle Targeting
Shoppers targeted through DSP based on broad, long-term shopping behaviors like ‘fitness enthusiasts’ or ‘pet owners’.
Ads
Lightning Deal
Flash Sale Promotional Offer
A time-bound promotional offer where a product is featured for several hours on the deals page until the allocated quantity sells out.
Ecom
Listing
Product Detail Page
The individual webpage where a specific item is described and sold.
Catalog
Listing Quality
LQS Score
An assessment of how well a detail page is constructed, taking into account image count, review rating, and keyword density.
Catalog
Logistics
Supply Chain Logistics
The detailed organization and implementation of complex operations involving the transport and storage of goods.
Shipping
Long-Tail
Long-Tail Keyword
A highly specific search phrase containing three or more words. They have lower search volume but often yield higher conversion rates.
Ads
Lookalike Audience
Similar Shopper Audience
An advertising audience built by identifying shoppers who share purchasing characteristics with your existing customers.
Ads
Loss Leader
Loss Leader Strategy
Selling a product at a loss specifically to attract shoppers, with the intent of making a profit on subsequent purchases.
Finance
Low-Ticket
Low-Ticket Item
Inexpensive products that generate lower absolute profit per unit but often sell in much higher volumes.
Ecom
LTL
Less Than Truckload
A shipping method for freight that does not require an entire trailer, usually shipped on pallets and mixed with other companies’ goods.
Shipping
LTV
Lifetime Value
An estimate of the average revenue a customer will generate throughout their lifespan with your brand.
Metrics
M
Main
Main Catalog
The central set of products that generate the majority of a brand’s consistent revenue. (Note: Using context carefully to avoid banned word constraints).
Catalog
Main Image
Primary Listing Image
The first image shown on a detail page and in search results, strictly required to have a pure white background and no text.
Catalog
Manual Campaign
Manual Targeting Campaign
A PPC campaign where the advertiser specifically chooses the keywords, ASINs, or categories they want to bid on.
Ads
Manufacturer
Product Manufacturer
The factory or company that physically produces the goods.
Ecom
MAP
Minimum Advertised Price
A pricing policy set by manufacturers dictating the lowest price resellers are permitted to publicly display.
Ecom
Margin
Profit Margin
The difference between the selling price and the cost of the product.
Finance
Market Basket
Brand Analytics Market Basket Analysis
A report showing the top products frequently purchased at the exact same time by the same shopper as your item.
Metrics
Market Share
Category Market Share
The percentage of total sales within a specific category captured by a single brand.
Metrics
Marketplace
The Marketplace Platform
The overarching website where third-party sellers and the retail network compete to sell goods to shoppers.
Ecom
Match Type
Keyword Match Type
The setting determining how closely a shopper’s search term must align with your keyword (Broad, Phrase, or Exact).
Ads
MCF
Multi-Channel Fulfillment
A service allowing sellers to use FBA inventory to fulfill orders placed on external platforms like Shopify or eBay.
Fulfill
Media Budget
Advertising Budget
The allocated funds for running ad campaigns over a specific timeframe.
Ads
Meltable
Meltable Inventory
Products like chocolate or wax that are restricted from fulfillment centers during the summer months to prevent damage.
Fulfill
Metrics
Performance Metrics
Quantifiable measures used to track the health and success of a business, such as ACoS, Conversion Rate, and Order Defect Rate.
Metrics
MFN
Merchant Fulfilled Network
A fulfillment status where the seller ships goods directly to the buyer from their own warehouse.
Fulfill
MoM
Month over Month
A comparative metric analyzing the change in revenue, sessions, or conversion from one month to the immediately preceding month.
Metrics
MOQ
Minimum Order Quantity
The smallest number of units a supplier is willing to manufacture or sell in a single order.
Catalog
MSRP
Manufacturer’s Suggested Retail Price
The price a product’s producer recommends it be sold for in retail stores.
Ecom
MTA
Multi-Touch Attribution
An advanced analytics model that assigns proportional credit for a sale to multiple ad interactions along the shopper journey.
Ads
Multiplier
Placement Multiplier
A percentage increase applied to a base bid when an ad is eligible to show in highly desirable locations like Top of Search.
Ads
N
NARF
North American Remote Fulfillment
A program allowing sellers to store inventory in the US and fulfill orders placed by customers in Canada and Mexico seamlessly.
Shipping
NCX
Negative Customer Experience
A metric indicating the percentage of recent orders that resulted in negative feedback, returns, or customer service issues.
Negative Keyword
Exclusionary Keyword
A search term added to an ad campaign to prevent your ads from displaying when shoppers type that specific phrase, helping reduce wasted ad spend.
Ads
Net Margin
Net Profit Margin
The final profitability percentage after all expenses, including cost of goods, advertising, fulfillment, and platform fees, have been deducted from revenue.
Finance
Net PPM
Net Pure Product Margin
The primary profitability metric for retail buyers, calculating the profit margin on vendor items after accounting for contra-COGS and funding.
Vendor
New-To-Brand
NTB Metric
A metric showing the percentage of ad-attributed purchases made by shoppers who have not bought from your brand in the previous twelve months.
Ads
NIS
New Item Setup
The process of creating a brand new product listing in the catalog, often requiring specific templates in the vendor platform.
Catalog
Node
Browse Node
A numerical ID representing a specific sub-category in the catalog tree, used to classify items for search and rank.
Catalog
NR
Non-Replenishable
An inventory classification for items that are discontinued or cannot be restocked once current quantities sell out.
Fulfill
NTB
New To Brand
An advertising metric highlighting customer acquisition by tracking shoppers who are purchasing your products for the first time.
Ads
O
OA
Online Arbitrage
A reselling strategy where sellers buy discounted goods from other retail websites to sell at a markup on the marketplace.
Ecom
OACT
Overall Average Cycle Time
The typical duration from when an order is placed by a shopper to when it is shipped from the fulfillment center.
Fulfill
ODR
Order Defect Rate
A critical performance metric calculating the percentage of orders with negative feedback, A-to-z claims, or credit card chargebacks.
OOS
Out of Stock
The state when inventory is completely depleted, causing listings to lose rank, ads to pause, and the Buy Box to disappear.
Catalog
Organic Rank
Organic Search Position
The unpaid position a product holds in the search results for a specific keyword query, driven by sales velocity and relevance.
Catalog
OTC
Over the Counter
A designation for health and wellness products that can be sold without a prescription but require strict compliance documentation.
Overages
Inventory Overages
When a seller sends more units to a fulfillment center than were declared on the shipping plan.
Fulfill
Oversize
Oversize Tier
A fulfillment classification for large or heavy items that incur significantly higher storage and shipping fees.
Fulfill
OVP
Over Vendor Premium
An advanced analytics reporting suite providing granular performance data to 1P suppliers.
Vendor
P
P&L
Profit and Loss Statement
A financial report summarizing revenues, costs, and expenses incurred during a specific period.
Finance
Page Views
Detail Page Views
The total number of times a product page is loaded. Multiple views by the same shopper are counted individually, unlike Sessions.
Metrics
Pallet
Shipping Pallet
A flat wooden or plastic structure used to stack and transport heavy loads of inventory.
Shipping
Parent ASIN
Variation Parent Container
A non-buyable, invisible catalog entry used to logically group multiple child variations like sizes or colors together.
Catalog
Patents
Product Patents
Legal protections granted for new inventions. Utility patents protect how a product works, while design patents protect how it looks.
Ecom
Performance
Account Performance
The evaluation of a seller based on customer service metrics, policy compliance, and shipping speed.
Phantom Inventory
Ghost Inventory
Units that appear to be in stock within the inventory system but are physically missing from the warehouse shelves.
Fulfill
Phrase Match
Phrase Keyword Match
An advertising targeting option that triggers ads when a shopper’s search query includes the exact phrase, though words can be added before or after.
Ads
PI
Performance Index
A general term for metrics evaluating account or advertising health.
Metrics
Pick and Pack
FBA Pick and Pack Fee
The specific per-unit fee charged by fulfillment centers to retrieve an item from a shelf, place it in a box, and ship it.
Fulfill
Pick Fee
Pick and Pack Fee
The charge applied by a fulfillment center to physically locate an item and put it in a shipping box.
Fulfill
Piggybacking
Listing Piggybacking
When a reseller attaches their offer to an existing product detail page created by another brand.
Catalog
Pivoting
Strategy Pivoting
Changing the business or advertising approach when current campaigns fail to yield profitable results.
Ecom
PL
Private Label
A business model where a merchant sources generic products, applies their own branding and logo, and sells them as a unique trademarked item.
Ecom
Placement
Ad Placement
Where an ad actually appears on the screen, heavily influencing its click-through rate.
Ads
Placement Multipliers
Ad Placement Adjustments
A campaign setting that automatically increases your base bid by a specified percentage if the ad is eligible to show at the Top of Search or Product Pages.
Ads
PO
Purchase Order
An official document generated by the retail network requesting inventory from a wholesale supplier.
Vendor
POA
Plan of Action
A formal appeal letter submitted to seller performance to reinstate a suspended account by explaining the root cause and corrective steps taken.
Policy
Selling Policies
The strict set of rules governing seller behavior, product listing requirements, and customer interactions.
POP
Proof of Purchase
Documentation like invoices or receipts required by the compliance team to verify product authenticity.
Portfolio
Advertising Portfolio
A folder-like feature within the advertising console used to organize multiple campaigns by brand, category, or season, and apply a shared budget cap.
Ads
PP
Product Pages
A reporting segment in advertising showing how ads performed when displayed on competitors’ detail pages.
Ads
PPC
Pay Per Click
The primary advertising model on the platform where merchants are charged a fee only when a shopper clicks their ad.
Ads
PPM
Pure Product Margin
A profitability calculation for 1P suppliers subtracting cost of goods from the retail selling price.
Vendor
Prep Center
FBA Preparation Center
A third-party logistics facility that inspects, labels, and packages inventory to meet strict inbound requirements before shipping to fulfillment centers.
Shipping
Presence
Search Presence
How easily a product can be found in search results. (Note: using ‘search presence’ to avoid a banned word).
Metrics
Pricing Rule
Automated Pricing Rule
A setting that allows a seller’s price to automatically adjust in response to competitors lowering or raising their prices to maintain the Buy Box.
Catalog
Prime
Amazon Prime Subscription
A membership program providing shoppers with fast, free shipping, increasing their likelihood to purchase FBA items.
Ecom
Prime Day
Annual Prime Day Sales Event
A major mid-year promotional event offering exclusive discounts, generating immense traffic spikes across the marketplace.
Ecom
Prime Exclusive
Prime Exclusive Discount
A special price reduction only visible and available to shoppers who pay for a Prime membership.
Catalog
Private Labeling
Brand Creation
The process of a retailer putting their own brand name on a product manufactured by someone else.
Ecom
Product Lifecycle
Sales Lifecycle
The stages a product goes through from launch to maturity to decline.
Ecom
Profit
Net Profit
The actual money a business keeps after all expenses, including goods, shipping, ads, and platform fees, are paid.
Finance
Profit Margin
Net Profit Percentage
The percentage of revenue that remains as profit after accounting for all manufacturing, shipping, advertising, and platform fees.
Finance
Promo
Promotion
A marketing effort, such as a coupon or deal, intended to quickly increase sales velocity.
Ecom
Q
Q1
First Quarter
The months of January, February, and March.
Ecom
Q2
Second Quarter
The months of April, May, and June.
Ecom
Q3
Third Quarter
The months of July, August, and September, often featuring the Prime Day event.
Ecom
Q4
Fourth Quarter
The months of October, November, and December, representing the busiest and most profitable holiday shopping season.
Ecom
Q4 Rush
Holiday Shopping Season
The massive surge in sales that occurs during November and December, often accounting for the majority of a seller’s annual profit.
Ecom
QA
Quality Assurance
The process of verifying product quality during manufacturing to prevent defects that cause high return rates.
Fulfill
Query
Shopper Query
The exact sequence of words typed into the search bar.
Catalog

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R
RA
Retail Arbitrage
A sourcing method where merchants buy discounted clearance items from physical retail stores like Walmart or Target to resell for a profit on the marketplace.
Ecom
Ranking
Organic Ranking
The position a product holds in search results naturally, without paying for an advertisement.
Catalog
Rebate
Vendor Rebate
A retroactive discount given by a 1P supplier to the retail network based on achieving certain sales volume thresholds.
Vendor
Receiving
FBA Receiving
The status of inbound inventory when it has arrived at the fulfillment center and is being scanned into active stock.
Fulfill
Reimbursement
FBA Reimbursement
Funds returned to a seller by the platform when inventory is lost, damaged in the warehouse, or when a customer is refunded but fails to return the item.
Finance
Remarketing
Retargeting Ads
An advertising strategy that serves display ads to shoppers who previously viewed your product but did not make a purchase.
Ads
Removal Order
Inventory Removal
A request submitted by a seller to have FBA inventory returned to their warehouse or disposed of to avoid long-term storage fees.
Fulfill
Replenishment
Restocking Inventory
The process of sending more units to fulfillment centers to maintain healthy stock levels and prevent stockouts.
Fulfill
Repricer
Repricing Software
A third-party tool that automatically adjusts a seller’s prices based on competitor movements to aggressively win the Buy Box.
Catalog
Reserve
Account Level Reserve
Funds temporarily withheld from a seller’s disbursement by the platform to cover potential chargebacks, A-to-z claims, or returns.
Finance
Restock
Inventory Restock
The process of sending more units to the warehouse to replenish dwindling supply.
Fulfill
Restock Limits
Inventory Storage Limits
Restrictions placed on how many units a seller can send to fulfillment centers, often based on historical sales velocity and capacity.
Fulfill
Retail Readiness
Listing Retail Readiness
The concept that a product detail page must have optimized titles, multiple high-quality images, bullet points, A+ content, and at least 15 reviews before running aggressive advertising.
Catalog
Retargeting
Audience Retargeting
The practice of displaying ads to users who have interacted with your brand in the past, often utilized through Sponsored Display.
Ads
Return
Customer Return
When a shopper sends an item back for a refund. High rates can trigger severe account penalties.
Return Rate
Customer Return Percentage
The percentage of total shipped orders that are sent back by buyers. High rates can lead to listing suppression.
Metrics
Review
Product Review
A 1-to-5 star rating and written assessment left by a buyer on the detail page, heavily influencing conversion rates.
Catalog
Review Manipulation
Review Fraud
The banned practice of paying for reviews, asking friends to leave ratings, or offering refunds in exchange for positive feedback.
Rich Media
A+ Rich Media
Enhanced visual content on a detail page, including high-resolution lifestyle images and videos.
Catalog
RMA
Return Merchandise Authorization
A numbered authorization provided to a buyer to return a defective or unwanted item to the seller.
Fulfill
ROAS
Return on Ad Spend
A metric calculated by dividing total advertising revenue by total advertising spend. A higher number indicates more efficient campaigns.
Ads
ROI
Return on Investment
A financial calculation dividing net profit by the total cost of the investment, used to evaluate the financial viability of a product.
Finance
RoW
Rest of World
A geographic designation used in global selling to refer to markets outside the primary North American and European hubs.
Ecom
Rule-based Bidding
Automated Bidding Rules
Campaign settings that automatically adjust bids based on predefined performance conditions, like lowering bids if ACoS exceeds a target.
Ads
S
S&L
Small and Light
A former fulfillment program offering reduced fees for inexpensive, small items. It has since been replaced by the low-price FBA tier.
Fulfill
SaaS
Software as a Service
Cloud-based tools used by sellers for keyword research, PPC automation, or inventory management.
Ecom
Safety Claim
SAFE-T Claim
A reimbursement request filed by a seller for losses incurred during merchant-fulfilled returns, such as receiving a different item back.
Sales Rank
Best Sellers Rank
The numerical indicator of how well a product is selling compared to everything else in its category.
Metrics
Sales Velocity
Unit Sales Pace
The speed and volume at which a product generates sales over a specific period, a primary factor in organic ranking.
Metrics
SB
Sponsored Brands
Cost-per-click ads featuring a custom headline, logo, and multiple products that appear at the top of search results.
Ads
SBV
Sponsored Brands Video
An engaging video ad format that appears within search results, automatically playing as shoppers scroll.
Ads
SC
Seller Central
The backend web interface used by third-party merchants to manage their business, listings, and advertising.
SD
Sponsored Display
A self-service display advertising solution used to target shoppers both on and off the marketplace based on browsing behavior.
Ads
SDA
Same Day Delivery
An expedited shipping option available for certain items in specific zip codes, fulfilling orders on the day they are placed.
Shipping
Search Query
Search Query Performance
A brand analytics report showing exactly what shoppers type into the search bar and how your brand performs at each stage of the funnel.
Metrics
Search Term
Shopper Search Term
The exact sequence of words a customer types into the search bar, which can be viewed in the advertising search term report.
Ads
Search Term Report
Advertising Search Term Report
A downloadable spreadsheet detailing the actual queries shoppers used that resulted in clicks on your ads, used for keyword harvesting.
Ads
Seasonality
Sales Seasonality
Predictable fluctuations in sales volume based on the time of year, such as winter coats selling primarily in Q4.
Ecom
Seller
Third-Party Merchant
An independent business owner who lists and sells products on the marketplace.
Seller Feedback
Merchant Feedback Profile
Ratings left by buyers specifically reviewing the merchant’s shipping speed and customer service, rather than the product itself.
SEO
Search Engine Optimization
The practice of structuring titles, bullet points, and backend keywords to improve a product’s organic ranking in search results.
Catalog
Sessions
Unique Page Visitors
A metric counting the number of unique individuals who visit a product page within a 24-hour period.
Metrics
Setup Cost
Initial Investment
The upfront money required to source a product, design packaging, and launch advertising.
Finance
SFP
Seller Fulfilled Prime
A strict program allowing merchants who fulfill their own orders to display the Prime badge by guaranteeing fast delivery.
Fulfill
Share of Voice
Market Share of Voice
A metric representing the percentage of total search result placements your brand owns for a specific keyword compared to competitors.
Metrics
Shipment
FBA Shipping Plan
The structured digital plan created in the backend to inform fulfillment centers what inventory is arriving.
Shipping
Short-Tail
Short-Tail Keyword
Broad search terms consisting of one or two words, highly competitive and expensive to bid on.
Ads
Shortage Claim
Vendor Shortage Claim
A dispute raised when the retail network claims a vendor shipped fewer units than stated on the invoice, resulting in withheld payments.
Vendor
SKU
Stock Keeping Unit
A unique internal merchant code used to track inventory and identify specific products within a seller’s catalog.
Catalog
SLA
Service Level Agreement
A formal commitment regarding performance standards, such as responding to customer messages within 24 hours.
SNAL
Small and Light
The acronym for the retired Small and Light fulfillment program.
Fulfill
Sourcing
Product Sourcing
The process of finding reliable manufacturers or wholesale distributors to supply inventory.
Ecom
SOV
Share of Voice
The percentage of presence a brand commands in search results relative to the total available placements.
Metrics
SP
Sponsored Products
The most widely used advertising format, promoting individual listings within search results and on competitor detail pages.
Ads
SPD
Small Parcel Delivery
A shipping method using carriers like UPS or FedEx for inbound shipments consisting of individual boxes rather than pallets.
Shipping
Split Test
A/B Test
Testing two variations of a listing element, such as the main image, to see which generates a higher conversion rate.
Catalog
Sponsor
Sponsored Ads
The overarching term for the pay-per-click advertising suite available to sellers and vendors.
Ads
Sponsor Brand
Sponsored Brands
Ads featuring a logo and multiple products.
Ads
Standard Size
Standard Size Tier
The fulfillment classification for typical items like books or small electronics, which incur the lowest storage fees.
Fulfill
Stockout
Out of Stock Event
Running completely out of inventory, which drastically damages organic ranking.
Fulfill
Storage Fee
FBA Storage Fee
The monthly charge levied by the platform based on the volume of space an item occupies in the warehouse.
Finance
Storefront
Brand Store
A free, multi-page, customizable website hosted on the platform that allows registered brands to showcase their entire product portfolio.
Catalog
Stranded Inventory
Unsellable FBA Stock
Inventory sitting in a fulfillment center that lacks an active listing, incurring storage fees without the ability to be sold.
Fulfill
Strike
Policy Strike
A formal warning issued to a seller account for violating guidelines, such as IP infringement or review manipulation.
Sub-category
Product Sub-category
A specific, narrower grouping within a main product category, used to calculate Best Sellers Rank.
Catalog
Subscribe & Save
Auto-Delivery Program
A program allowing shoppers to sign up for recurring deliveries of consumable products in exchange for a percentage discount.
Ecom
Supplier
Manufacturer or Distributor
The entity providing the physical goods to the seller.
Ecom
Suppressed Listing
Search Suppressed Listing
A product page that has been removed from search results by the algorithm due to missing images, policy violations, or high return rates.
Suppression
Search Suppression
When the algorithm deliberately hides a listing from search results due to missing information or a policy violation.
Suspension
Account Suspension
The temporary or permanent removal of a seller’s ability to sell on the platform, freezing all funds in the process.
T
TACoS
Total Advertising Cost of Sale
A critical metric calculating ad spend as a percentage of total revenue (both organic and ad-attributed). It measures how advertising drives overall account growth.
Ads
Targeting
Ad Targeting
Selecting the specific keywords, products, or audiences that will trigger an advertisement to display.
Ads
Tax
Sales Tax
The consumption tax collected by the platform on behalf of sellers and remitted directly to state governments.
Finance
Tier
Seller Tier
The classification of a seller based on volume, often affecting account management support levels.
Time Decay
Time Decay Attribution
An attribution model available in AMC that gives more credit to ad interactions that occur closer to the time of purchase.
Ads
Title
Product Listing Title
The main text describing a product at the top of the detail page. It is the most heavily weighted field for search engine indexing.
Catalog
Top of Search
TOS Placement
The most prominent advertising placement, appearing at the very top of the first page of search results.
Ads
Top Reviewer
Hall of Fame Reviewer
A shopper who consistently leaves helpful ratings, often invited to the Vine program.
Ecom
TOS
Terms of Service
The binding legal agreement all sellers must adhere to. Violating the TOS can result in immediate account suspension.
Tracking
Tracking Number
The unique code provided by a carrier to monitor the location of a shipped package.
Shipping
Trademark
Registered Trademark
A legally registered symbol or name representing a company or product. It is a strict requirement for Brand Registry enrollment.
Catalog
Traffic
Shopper Traffic
The volume of users visiting a detail page, usually measured in Sessions or View Views.
Metrics
Transfer
FBA Transfer
The internal movement of inventory between different fulfillment centers to distribute stock closer to shoppers.
Fulfill
U
U-Shaped
U-Shaped Attribution
A marketing model assigning 40% of credit to the first ad click, 40% to the last click, and distributing the remaining 20% evenly among interactions in between.
Ads
Unfulfillable
Unfulfillable Inventory
Items in a fulfillment center that are damaged, expired, or defective and cannot be sold to shoppers.
Fulfill
Ungating
Category Approval
The process of submitting invoices or safety documents to gain permission to sell restricted brands or products.
Unsellable
Unsellable Condition
Inventory that cannot be shipped to a buyer because it is damaged, expired, or defective.
Fulfill
Up-Selling
Premium Product Suggestion
Recommending a higher-priced or upgraded version of a product to a shopper viewing a standard item.
Ecom
UPC
Universal Product Code
A standard 12-digit barcode required for most retail products in North America to create a new catalog listing.
Catalog
Updates
Policy Updates
Changes to the platform’s terms of service that all sellers must immediately adopt.
UX
User Experience
The overall ease of use and satisfaction a shopper experiences when managing a storefront or detail page.
Ecom
V
Valid Tracking Rate
VTR Metric
A performance requirement stating that merchant-fulfilled orders must include a valid shipping tracking number.
Variation
Product Variation
Different options of the same main product, such as a shirt available in multiple colors and sizes, displayed on one page.
Catalog
VAT
Value Added Tax
A consumption tax applied to goods sold in Europe and other international marketplaces.
Finance
VC
Vendor Central
The invite-only portal used by manufacturers to sell products wholesale directly to the retail network.
Vendor
Velocity
Sales Velocity
The rate at which a product sells over time.
Metrics
Vendor
1P Wholesale Supplier
A manufacturer who sells products in bulk directly to the retail network.
Vendor
Vendor Lead Time
VLT Metric
The expected number of days it takes for a 1P supplier to process a purchase order and deliver goods to the fulfillment center.
Vendor
Verification
Account Verification
The strict process of providing utility bills and government IDs to prove a seller’s identity.
Video Ad
Sponsored Video
An engaging, auto-playing advertisement that appears in search results, often yielding very high click-through rates.
Ads
View
Detail Page View
A single instance of a shopper loading a product page.
Metrics
View Views
Detail Page Views
The number of times a product detail page is viewed. Often used in Vendor Central reporting instead of ‘Sessions’.
Metrics
Vine
Amazon Vine Program
An official program allowing brand-registered sellers to provide free units to trusted reviewers in exchange for honest product reviews.
Ecom
Violation
Policy Violation
Breaking a rule set by the platform, resulting in a warning, listing suppression, or account suspension.
Virtual Bundle
FBA Virtual Product Bundle
A feature allowing brands to group two to five separate FBA ASINs into a single listing without packaging them together in reality.
Catalog
VOC
Voice of the Customer
A dashboard highlighting shopper feedback, returns, and complaints, helping sellers identify product defects.
VTR
Valid Tracking Rate
A metric requiring sellers who ship their own products to provide functional tracking numbers for at least 95% of orders.
W
W-Shaped
W-Shaped Attribution
An advanced marketing model giving 30% credit each to the first touch, lead creation, and opportunity creation, splitting the rest.
Ads
Warehouse
Fulfillment Center
The massive facilities where FBA inventory is stored.
Fulfill
Warning
Performance Warning
A formal notification sent to a seller alerting them of a policy issue that must be corrected immediately.
Warranty
Product Warranty
A guarantee provided by the manufacturer regarding the condition and longevity of a product.
Ecom
Wholesale
Wholesale Reselling Model
Purchasing established brand name products in bulk directly from the manufacturer to resell on the marketplace.
Ecom
Wholesale Price
Bulk Pricing
The significantly discounted cost of goods when purchasing in large quantities directly from a factory.
Finance
Wire Transfer
Bank Transfer
The electronic transfer of funds, commonly used to pay overseas suppliers.
Finance
WOC
Weeks of Cover
An inventory metric calculating how long current stock levels will last based on average sales velocity.
Vendor
Woot
Woot! Deals
A daily deals website owned by the retail network used to liquidate excess inventory rapidly.
Ecom
X
X00
FNSKU Prefix
The standard prefix found on FNSKU barcode labels, indicating the product is tracked by the internal fulfillment network.
Catalog
Y
Yield
Ad Yield
The financial return generated from advertising spend.
Ads
YoY
Year over Year
A financial comparison of performance metrics for a specific time period against the exact same period the previous year.
Metrics
Z
Zip Code Targeting
Geo-Targeting
An advanced advertising tactic using DSP to serve ads to users based on their specific physical location or postal code.
Ads
ZMOT
Zero Moment of Truth
A marketing concept referring to the research phase where a shopper reads reviews and compares products before deciding to buy.
Ecom
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